CASK Research

CASK gene disorders

What are the symptoms?

CASK-related disorders are associated with a wide array and spectrum of symptoms. The information below is gathered from the global CASK registry, which currently represents the largest sample size of any study into symptoms.

A doctor reviewing a patient's symptoms

Most common symptoms

More than 50% of survey respondents reported an issue in these areas (total respondents = 116).

  • Cognitive impairment
  • Coordination issues
  • Muscle issues (mainly hypotonia and/or hypertonia)
  • Digestive system issues (such as constipation, feeding issues and reflux)
  • Eyes/vision (mostly abnormal movement, visual impairment and optic nerve hypoplasia)
  • Growth (caregivers report children growing both below and above the normal growth curve)
  • Sleep issues

Moderately common symptoms

Between 30% and 50% of survey respondents reported an issue in these areas (respondents ranged between 62 and 116).

  • Unusual movements
  • Ears/hearing issues
  • Seizures
  • Behaviour issues

The CASK infographic

In 2025 CASK Research won £20,000 worth of pro-bono work from Costello Medical. They created an infographic using data from the RARE-X patient registry. We aim to update this infographic annually to give families an up-to-date, visually appealing summary of CASK disorders. Share it with clinicians, therapists and family members.

CASK Research and our partners in the CASK Coalition are working to get a more accurate picture of CASK-related disorders. We collaborate with clinicians and researchers to detect knowledge gaps, provide more detail and link symptoms with genetic variants.

CASK epilepsy infographic

If you are a caregiver of someone with a CASK mutation, please visit our Registry page to see how you can help.

CASK Registries (coming soon)